Aerobic exercise suppresses hepatocellular carcinoma by downregulating dynamin-related protein 1 through PI3K/AKT pathway

ObjectiveExercise, as a common non-drug intervention, is one of several lifestyle choices known to reduce the risk of cancer. Mitochondrial division has been reported to play a key role in the occurrence and transformation of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). This study investigated whether exercise could regulate the occurrence and development of HCC through mitosis.MethodsBioinformatics technology was used to analyze the expression level of dynamin-related protein 1 (DRP1), a key protein of mitochondrial division. The effects of DRP1 and DRP1 inhibitor (mdivi-1) on the proliferation and migration of liver cancer cells BEL-7402 were observed using cell counting kit-8, plate colony formation, transwell cell migration, and scratch experiments. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, Western blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction were used to detect the expression of DRP1 and its downstream phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/protein kinase B (AKT) pathway. A treadmill exercise intervention was tested in a nude mouse human liver cancer subcutaneous tumor model expressing different levels of DRP1. The size and weight of subcutaneous tumors in mice were detected before and after exercise.ResultsThe expression of DRP1 in liver cancer tissues was significantly upregulated compared with normal liver tissues (P < 0.001). The proliferation rate and the migration of BEL-7402 cells in the DRP1 over-expression group were higher than that in the control group. The mdivi-1 group showed an inhibitory effect on the proliferation and migration of BEL-7402 cells at 50 μmol/L. Aerobic exercise was able to inhibit the expression of DRP1 and decrease the size and weight of subcutaneous tumors. Moreover, the expression of phosphorylated PI3K (p-PI3K) and phosphorylated AKT (p-AKT) decreased in the exercise group. However, exercise could not change p-PI3K and p-AKT levels after knocking down DRP1 or using mdivi-1 on subcutaneous tumor.ConclusionAerobic exercise can suppress the development of tumors partially by regulating DRP1 through PI3K/AKT pathway.     

基于氧化应激探究PCI损伤及中医药防治进展

我国心血管疾病的患病率及死亡率仍处于上升阶段,经皮冠状动脉介入治疗(PCI)是目前减少冠心病患者冠状动脉狭窄及闭塞和改善临床症状的最有效策略。临床上,存在很大一部分患者在大血管再通后,仍存在心痛症状。在PCI围术期常伴随着氧化应激、炎症、钙超载、内皮功能损害、血栓阻塞等不良事件,氧化应激在这个过程中扮演着重要角色。在PCI的再灌注时期,活性氧(ROS)的爆发可引发线粒体能量传递链异常和细胞离子稳态失衡,造成血管内皮细胞损伤,血管通透性增高,白蛋白漏出,白细胞和血小板黏附,血管狭窄。传统中医将PCI术后再狭窄纳入"胸痹"等范畴,气血的运行与五脏的功能密切相关,当气血运行不畅,心脏的生血、行血的功能受阻,造成气虚血瘀,从而造成机体虚损。目前,普罗布考和替格瑞洛等临床一线用药,具有一定的局限性,且忽略了"本虚邪实"的机体现状,无法协调机体气血阴阳五脏之间的关系。本研究从氧化应激在PCI损伤的现代医学分子研究出发,结合中医认识,总结中医药防治的研究进展,旨在为冠状动脉介入损伤的治疗提供候选药物及为相关实验研究提供参考。     

芍药甘草汤的历史沿革与现代研究

芍药甘草汤最早见于张仲景《伤寒杂病论》,由白芍和甘草(炙)等比例配伍而成,具有养血敛阴、调和肝脾、缓急止痛之功效,用于血虚津伤和筋脉失濡所致的腿脚挛急、脘腹疼痛。被历代医家推崇并沿用至今,并且拓展出了应用范围。现代药理研究表明,芍药甘草汤具有显著的解痉、止痛、镇咳、平喘及抗炎等作用,用于治疗痉挛性疾病、疼痛性疾病、炎症性疾病、支气管哮喘及妇产科疾病等。笔者从芍药甘草汤的历史沿革与方义衍变、组方配伍分析、药理药效学研究、现代临床应用4个方面进行系统阐述,以期为该经典名方的现代研究开发提供理论依据和文献参考,并为其制剂的临床定位提供理论和实践支撑。     

腰痹通胶囊治疗腰椎间盘突出症的Meta分析

目的系统评价腰痹通胶囊比较非甾体抗炎药(NSAIDs)治疗腰椎间盘突出症(LDH)的疗效和安全性,为临床提供循证参考。方法通过计算机检索Cochrane Library、PubMed、Web of Science、中文科技期刊全文数据库(CNKI)、维普数据库(VIP)、万方数据库(Wanfang Data),收集自建库以来至2019年6月腰痹通胶囊比较NSAIDs治疗LDH的随机对照试验(RCT),制定纳入标准和排除标准后,筛选出符合标准的文献,评价纳入文献的质量并提取数据,采用RevMan5.3软件对其进行Meta分析。结果共有10篇研究符合标准,合计1088例患者。Meta分析结果显示腰痹通胶囊治疗LDH与NSAIDs比较在提高临床总有效率[OR=4.74,95%CI(3.13,7.17),P<0.00001]、降低VAS评分[MD=-1.26,95%CI(-1.35,-1.17),P<0.00001]、改善白细胞介素-1β(IL-1β)[MD=-0.12,95%CI(-0.14,-0.10),P<0.00001]、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)[MD=-4.14,95%CI(-6.34,-1.93),P=0.0002]、白细胞介素-8(IL-8)[MD=-9.49,95%CI(-11.73,-7.24),P<0.00001]、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)[MD=-0.27,95%CI(-0.36,-0.17),P<0.00001]水平方面均有优势,在安全性方面提示不良反应发生率低,临床使用相对安全。结论腰痹通胶囊与NSAIDs比较能明显提高LDH患者的临床疗效、改善相关指标,且不良反应较少。但由于本研究为二次研究,且纳入文献数量较少、质量较低,尚需大样本、高质量随机对照研究对其临床疗效及安全性进一步证实。     

急性肺损伤中医病因病机的探讨

急性肺损伤是一种严重的呼吸系统疾病,死亡率高。本研究主要对急性肺损伤的中医病因病机进行探讨,认为"热、毒、痰、瘀"贯穿急性肺损伤的始终,"热、毒"为急性肺损伤的发病基础,"痰、瘀"为急性肺损伤的致病因素。急性肺损伤的发生离不开"热、毒、痰、瘀"4种发病因素的相互作用,所以治疗上通过辨证可应用"清热,解毒,祛痰,化瘀"等方法。     

Changes in brain glucose metabolism and connectivity in somatoform disorders: an 18F-FDG PET study

European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience - Somatoform disorders (SFD) are defined as a syndrome characterized by somatic symptoms which cannot be explained by organic reasons....     

Efficacy and safety of tirofiban therapy in patients receiving endovascular treatment after large vessel ischaemic stroke: A systematic review and meta-analysis

BackgroundAlthough tirofiban therapy is considered a potentially effective treatment to reduce the incidence of thrombotic complications in patients receiving endovascular treatment (EVT), the safety and efficacy of tirofiban remain controversial. Our objective was to investigate the efficacy and safety of EVT plus tirofiban therapy in patients with emergent large artery occlusion.MethodsRelevant articles from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) or observational studies that compared treatment with tirofiban to treatment without tirofiban in patients undergoing EVT were retrieved from the PubMed and Embase databases. We calculated odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the safety and efficacy outcomes based on a random effects model.ResultsTwelve studies including 2533 patients were identified for the analysis. Overall, the risk of fatal intracranial haemorrhage (ICH) was higher for the treatment with tirofiban group than for the treatment without tirofiban group in patients with large artery occlusion who underwent EVT (p = 0.002), whereas the risk of any ICH, symptomatic ICH, parenchymal haematoma type 2, in-hospital mortality and 3-month mortality did not differ significantly (p > 0.05). No significant differences in reocclusion rate, recanalization rate or excellent functional outcome were found between the patients treated with or without tirofiban, but significantly favourable functional outcome at 3 months occurred in the tirofiban group (p = 0.017).ConclusionsTirofiban administration in patients receiving EVT significantly improved 3-month favourable functional outcomes, whereas an increased risk of fatal ICH was also observed. Further rigorous trials are needed to verify the safety of tirofiban.     

Effects of dance therapy on cognitive and mood symptoms in people with Parkinson's disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

ObjectiveTo investigate whether the dance therapy was more beneficial than non-dance therapy on cognitive and mood symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD).MethodsMEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials were searched from inception to December 11, 2018. Risk of bias for the included trials was assessed using criteria in the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions.ResultsSeven randomized controlled trials were identified on cognitive and mood symptoms in patients with PD. There were significant differences in favor of dance in executive function (WMD = 1.17, 95% CI:0.39 to 1.95, P = 0.003; I² = 0%, P = 0.45), but not in outcomes of global cognitive function, depression and apathy.ConclusionsDance therapy is beneficial in improving executive function for adults with PD. However, there are no positive effects were founded on global cognitive function, depression and apathy for PD.